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Comparison of MIG-29 to F-16
Comparison of the Indian MIG-29 with Pakistani F-16 aircrafts
Both the F-16 and the MiG-29 were designed to correct mistakes and shortcomings of previous aircraft. With the USAF it was the low kill ratios over Vietnam as well as the lack of complete air superiority over the battlefield a feat that was achieved with great success both over the battlefields of Europe and Korea where the US Army was able to operate under little threat of air attack. With the Russians they wanted an aircraft that would perform the same roles as the MiG-25 and the Su-27 but at a shorter range. As well as an aircraft that for the first time could match Western fighters in ACM, while maintaining the ability to operate as an interceptor. Thus the MiG-29 became a smaller and shorter range F-15 while the F-16 became a larger and longer range F-5. Both teams designed craft that were cleared to operations of 9g and made use of wing-body blending to increase internal volume, reduce weight and improve maneuverability. They both located the intakes close to structures to reduce the AoA (angle of attack) sensed at the face of the intake/s thus increasing the AoA that the aircraft could take in comparison to other aircraft of their day. With the F-16A the AoA limit is 25 deg where as the MiG-29 has been cleared of an AoA of up to 45 deg. One of the major differences was in the engine arrangement with the General Dynamics team choosing a single P&W F100 this gave commonality with the F-15 and lower fuel consumption. In contrast the Mikoyan team choose a twin arrangement of the RD-33 with no thought give to using the Saturn/Lyulka AL-31F as used in the Su-27. The reasoning being that the use of two engines gave the aircraft greater survivability as the MiG-23/27's suffered a greater attrition ratio then the MiG-25. With the intakes the GD team adopted a fixed geometry intake as high mach number capability was not required for the role that the F-16 was to fill, while the requirement for a dash speed of mach 2.3+ led Mikoyan to adopt a two dimensional, four shock, variable geometry intake with one fixed ramp and two moving ramps. In regard to FOD (foreign object damage) the GD team took the position that FOD would not be a problem, as the F-16 would operate form swept, paved runways. Where as the Russians felt that a rough field capability was an important capability and as such devised two movable ramps over the intakes to prevent FOD while on the ground or at low speed at low level. When the intakes are closed the engines breath via auxiliary intakes on the upper surface of the wing. The F-16 has incorporated a number of features that are intended to enhance combat effectiveness. The pilot's seat is inclined at 30 deg rather than the normal 13 deg, he also has a side stick controller which allows the pilots arm to be supported this has not met with universal approval as some pilots prefer to be able to fly with either hand. The F-16 also for the first time incorporated a Fly-By-Wire flight control system, this allowed the aircraft to be made inherently unstable and would greatly improve maneuverability in air-combat. While the MiG introduced the first HMS (helmet-mounted sight) and IRST (infra-red search and track) sensor with a laser range finder for passive attacks and missile engagements up to 45 deg off-borsight but maintained a conventional flight control system and achieved high maneuverability mainly due advanced aerodynamics. i.e. The tail of the MiG-29 is said to have been positioned to take advantage of the four sortices by the wing and fuselage. In combat provided that the MiG-29's 7.5g above 0.85 mach can be avoided it should beat any F-16 due to its BVR capability , higher thrust/weight ratio and lower wing loading. While in recent exercises between USAF F-16 and German MiG-29A's showed that in ACM the greatest advantage the MiG-29 had was it's helmet mounted sight coupled with the AA-11 Archer which gives it a kill zone greater than any aircraft serving. F-16 pilots found that any aircraft within 45 deg of the nose of a MiG-29 was always under grave threat. The ability to target aircraft well of boresight has proved to be such a success that helmet mounted sights have become requirements on any new fighter program. While both aircraft have shortcomings those of the MiG-29 have effectively been solved with newer versions ( MiG-29 S/M/K and MiG-33 ), which have increased the fuel capacity of the MiG as well as adding an in-flight refueling system. The number of hard points has also been increased by two and the max war load has been doubled, along with the inclusion of a fly-by-wire flight control system and a new radar that allowed two targets to be engaged simultaneously with the new AA-12 Adder active radar missile as well as full clearance for flight at 9 g's . Most of these upgrades have been offered to current users of the MiG-29 with the Russian and Indian air forces conducting some upgrades. The F-16 by comparison has had few of its problems solved in the past few years. One of its greatest drawbacks the lack of a BVR capability was solved with the clearance of the AMRAAM for use on the F-16 but the second major problem of insufficient wing area on the F-16C has never been solved.
MIG-29
Country of origin : USSR
Date of entry into service : 1985
Accommodation : pilot (A/C/M/K/N) , instructor & pupil (UB)
Armament (fixed) : 30 mm GSh-301 cannon (150 rounds carried
Armament (disposable) : 8800lb on eight under wing hard points. Including medium-range missiles (AA - 12 adder , AA - 10 Alamo , AAM-AE {AMRAAMski}) , short-range missiles (AA - 11 Archer) , also iron bombs (250lb , 500lb and 1000lb) , laser and TV guided bombs (KAB - 500L and KAB - 500KR)
Avionics : N-010 Zhuk multi-mode pulse-Doppler radar , communications equipment , IFF array , IR/laser/TV seeker , ARK Mayak radio compass , ECM and radar warning equipment , nav and attack equipment.
Power plant : Two RD - 33 afterburning engines (18,300lb with afterburning) or Two RD - 33K afterburning engines (19,400lb with afterburning).
Fuel capacity : approximately 6,250l (1,375Imp gallons)
Weights : 7,825kg (17,250lb) empty , 18,000kg (39,680lb) loaded
Dimensions : span 11.36m, length 17.32m, height 4.73m, wing area 35.50m2
Production : 800+
Operators - Belaraus, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cuba, CCzech Republic, Germany, Hungary, India, Iraq, Iran, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Moldova, Myanmar, North Korea, Peru, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Syria, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Yemen, Yugoslavia.
History : Development of the MiG 29 began end 1974 against a requirement for a highly maneuverable lightweight fighter capable of out performing Western fighters and to replace aircraft including the MiG 21, MiG 23 and Su 15. The first prototype flew one October 6 1977 with service entry in 1984. The MiG 29 was designed with much the same configuration as the Su 27, it also features a pulse Doppler radar and an IRST system, which allows for the passive detection and engagement of aircraft. It is also equipped with a helmet mounted sight, which allows for the cueing off infra-red guided air to air missiles. Recently the MiG 29 has undergone several modifications to create these variants the MiG 29 C, MiG 29 S, MiG 29 SE, MiG 29 M and MiG 29K.
F-16
Country of origin: United States of America.
Type : Multi-role fighter.
Power plant : One 122.8kN ( 27,600lb ) General Electric F110-GE-100 turbofan.
Max. Speed : At 40,000ft > Mach 2.0 (2125km/h)
Range : ferry range with drop tanks 3900km , radius with two AIM-9's , four 2000lb bombs and external fuel 630km. Radius with two AIM-9's and two AIM-7's and external fuel 2hr CAP at 370km.
Weights : Empty 19,100lb (8665kg), max. take off 42,300lb (19,190kg)
Dimensions : span-10m (32ft 10in) , length-15.03m (49ft 4in) , height-5.01m (16ft 5in) and a wing area of 28.9m2 (300.0sq ft)
Accommodation : F-16C pilot only , F-16D two in tandem.
Armament : one M61A1 Vulcan 20mm cannon , six under wing , one centerline and two wingtip hard points carry up to 12,000lb (5435kg). Options are AIM-9 , AIM-120 , AGM-65 Maverick ASM , Penguin anti-ship missile , GUB-10 and GUB-12 laser guided bombs.
Operators : Bahrain, Egypt, Greece, Israel, South Korea, Pakistan, Turkey and USA.
History : The F 16 involved from the Lightweight Fighter program for a small maneuverable fighter, General Dynamics and Northrop were selected for the competition fly -- off. The General Dynamic's YF 16 winning the competition to become the standard fighter for the USAF with the first production F-16A flying in 1978. It was the first aircraft to feature the fly-by-wire system and relaxed stability. With Belgium, Norway, the Netherlands and Denmark jointly putting it into production. The F-16C/D first flew on the 19 June, 1984 and introduced improvements in avionics, radar, cockpit and engine.
With the induction of MiG 29 Indian Air Force becomes 5-6 times stronger than Pakistan Air Force
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